Artemis is a series of space mission to the moon and beyond by NASA and its the new beginning of the next generation of human exploration. Thorough this mission there will be also a series of a manned mission to mars. This mission also helps NASA establish a sustainable presence on the moon and provide an interlink for mission to mars
Why is this mission known as Artemis?
Artemis is the ancient Greek mythological goddess of the moon and she is also the twin sister of Apollo. Apollo is the 1st series of manned mission to space and moon by NASA.
Artemis series:
Artemis 1 - It is an unmanned test flight around the moon and Orion spacecraft together. Orion (lover of Artemis, according to Greek) will revolve around the orbit of the moon. In this mission the spacecraft on its way to the moon it will launch 10 research satellites called CubeSats.
Artemis 3 - During this mission NASA has planned to land 1st female astronaut to land on the moon and take steps where humans farthest every been in space which is the moon's south pole
Powerful Rocket
For this mission, NASA planned to launch spacecraft and crew in their own SLS rocket which most powerful rocket ever made by NASA. SLS is abbreviated as Space Launch System (SLS). SLS will produce a maximum 8.8 million pounds of thrust, exerting more power than any rocket ever. Like many rockets, the rocket propulsion is delivered in stages.Way to the moon:
After launching, Core stage and twin solid rocket boosters will fire its propel to 2 million pound thrust which will place the spacecraft in earth's orbit. After the rocket burns thorough the fuel in the boosters and core stage it will drop them off to lose its weight like a hiker might drop a heavy backpack to climb the last few miles to a mountain's peak. After losing its weight upper part of the rocket and Orion is placed almost 160km above earth's surface and accelerating at a speed of 28,170km/hr and circulating in lower earth orbit (LEO) and then space craft is maneuvered by firing upper part boosters which will help Orion to escape earth's gravity pull and send Orion towards the moon. This manoeuvre is called trans lunar injection and this key manoeuvre will make Orion move close towards the moon and it will catch moon gravity will be stationed operates safely from moon's surface. This point is called Gateway point by NASA, which at 45,00,000 km from the earth and 64,000 km from the moon. Orion is placed at this point carry out future mission and it will act as a gateway for the crew to go and operate on the moon's surface and return safely
Reaching the moon:
After a series of mission, including manned mission to Orion and crew will carry out some mission from Orion by photographing the surface of the moon and will receive the cargo which includes human landing system from the earth, which will be sent from the Kennedy space centre, Florida and prepare Orion for Artemis 3 mission which will landed human on moon. Then by Artemis 3 mission in 2024-25(excepted) will send a crew that will reach the surface of the moon. During this mission the crew will first reach out to Orion spacecraft, which is placed in moon's orbit in SLS 1B rocket (advanced version SLS rocket series) and astronaut will transfer to a human landing system which has been placed in Orion by previous Artemis mission and reach the moon's surface with the help of human landing system and carry out research for a week and study the surface of the moon. During this mission NASA as planned to research moon's south pole by astronauts. This ambitious mission will make a history of human kind because this will be the farthest place reached by humans.
Why south pole of moon?
Because south pole of the moon has a high gravitational force which makes difficult to land and resurfaces to orbit to the moon. In the past many countries in the world tried to place a rover in the south pole including India and European agency. Both had been failed due to high gravitational forces rover has been crashed into the moon's surface. So highly risky attempt planned by NASA will define a whole will bring new inspiration to other space agency and paves way for future human space travel which we have only studied in books
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